JAY AN
Western Europe
After the world wars, the Europe was powerless against two bipolar, U.S. and Soviet Union.
- France reacted first to two bipolar under the leadership of president Charles de Gaulle.
- France could not regain the power as it depends on U.S. Military protection.
- In 1963, despite U.S. disapproval, the French government rejected nuclear test ban treaty.(signed by U.S. Soviet Union, Great Britain, republic of China)
- In 1964, France denoted the first bomb in Sahara desert.
- 1968, French Military put together nuclear delivery system.(submarine- base-missile)
- French military doctrine and capability failed to convince Europeans to leave the protection of U.S
- By the time de Gaulle left the office, the grand design for France and Europe disappear though vision of Europe freed from superpower domination persisted.
EC(Europe Economic Community)
- Europe focus on economic growth and integration
- In May 1957, treaty of Rome was signed by six nation(west Germany, Italy, Belgium, France, Netherlands, and Luxembourg)
- Members of nations lay the dismantling of tariffs and other barriers to free trade
- Later, EN lead to establishment of EU(European Nations) in 1993
- Within EC combine, European gross national product and the standard of living surpass those of United State
- The economic relationship, and political relation changed between Europe and United State.
- The Europe's confidence was shown during 1973 Arab-Israeli war. All members of NATO (except Portugal) denied landing right to U.S. Planes shipping arms to Israel.
Skit